See lew on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "Latn",
"name": "mul-symbol/script"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"10": "",
"2": "symbol",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"f1lang": "en",
"f1nolink": "",
"f2lang": "en",
"f2nolink": "",
"f3lang": "en",
"f3nolink": "",
"f4lang": "en",
"f4nolink": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"image": "",
"nolinkhead": "",
"sc": "Latn",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "mul-symbol"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "symbol",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "ISO 639-3",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ISO 639-3 language code for Ledo Kaili."
],
"id": "en-lew-mul-symbol-0ffrzxay",
"links": [
[
"language code",
"language code"
]
],
"qualifier": "international standards",
"raw_glosses": [
"(international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Ledo Kaili."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "Wiktionary’s coverage of Ledo Kaili terms"
}
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"écu",
"écu"
],
[
"écu",
"écu"
],
[
"louis",
"louis#French"
],
[
"Louis",
"Louis#French"
],
[
"écu",
"écu"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "louis"
},
"expansion": "French louis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From corruption of French louis, from Louis, presumably Louis IX or Louis XI, who issued gold écus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lews",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leois",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "lewis",
"3": "leois"
},
"expansion": "lew (plural lews or lewis or leois)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 14 0 4 4 23 27 5 0 2 1 13",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
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{
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{
"_dis": "3 0 1 3 1 11 1 2 3 20 24 1 1 2 1 9 1 9 6 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1467, Scottish Acts of James III, Vol. II, p. 88",
"text": "...þe Ingliss noble, henry, ande Eduarde wᵗ þe ross, þe franche crowne, þe salute þe lewe and þe Ridar sall haif courss in þis realme..."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A French gold coin circulated in 15th-century Scotland."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-noun-RTkgMYU9",
"links": [
[
"French",
"French"
],
[
"gold",
"gold"
],
[
"coin",
"coin"
],
[
"circulate",
"circulate"
],
[
"century",
"century"
],
[
"Scotland",
"Scotland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, obsolete) A French gold coin circulated in 15th-century Scotland."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lew.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luː/",
"note": "yod-dropping"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "lieu"
},
{
"homophone": "Liu"
},
{
"homophone": "lue"
},
{
"homophone": "loo"
},
{
"homophone": "Lou"
},
{
"homophone": "lu (yod-dropping)"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"lew",
"lew#Middle_English"
],
[
"lewe",
"lewe#Middle_English"
],
[
"*hlēowe",
"Reconstruction:Old English/hleowe"
],
[
"*hlīewe",
"Reconstruction:Old English/hliewe"
],
[
"hlēowe",
"hleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"ġehlēowe",
"gehleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"ġehlīewe",
"gehliewe#Old_English"
],
[
"unhlēowe",
"unhleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"*hliwi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hliwi"
],
[
"*hliwjaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hliwjaz"
],
[
"*hlēwaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlēwaz"
],
[
"*ḱal(w)e-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱal(w)e-"
],
[
"*ḱlēw-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlēw-"
],
[
"hlýr",
"hlýr#Old_Norse"
],
[
"ly",
"ly#Danish"
],
[
"hlær",
"hlær#Old_Norse"
],
[
"lau",
"lau#German"
],
[
"hlé",
"hlé#Old_Norse"
],
[
"læ",
"læ#Danish"
],
[
"lee",
"lee#English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lew"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lew",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*hlēowe"
},
"expansion": "Old English *hlēowe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hliwi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hliwi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hliwjaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hliwjaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱal(w)e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hlýr",
"3": "",
"4": "warm, mild"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ly",
"3": "",
"4": "lukewarm"
},
"expansion": "Danish ly (“lukewarm”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lau"
},
"expansion": "German lau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hlé",
"3": "",
"4": "lee"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hlé (“lee”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "læ",
"3": "",
"4": "shelter"
},
"expansion": "Danish læ (“shelter”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lew, lewe, from Old English *hlēowe, *hlīewe (attested adverbially in hlēowe (“warmly”) and as ġehlēowe, ġehlīewe (“warm, sunny, sheltered”), unhlēowe (“not warm, chill”)), from Proto-West Germanic *hliwi, from Proto-Germanic *hliwjaz, *hlēwaz (“warm, lukewarm”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-, *ḱlēw- (“warm, hot”). Cognate with Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”), ( > Danish ly (“lukewarm”)), hlær, German lau, which are themselves akin to Old Norse hlé (“lee”), Danish læ (“shelter”). Compare lee.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lewer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "lewest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "lue",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "loo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "looe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lee",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "lew (comparative lewer, superlative lewest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Sunny; warm."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-adj-NvwLqu7M",
"links": [
[
"Sunny",
"sunny"
],
[
"warm",
"warm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Sunny; warm."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 67 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Temperature",
"orig": "en:Temperature",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Lukewarm, tepid."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-adj-wYrzp~vg",
"links": [
[
"Lukewarm",
"lukewarm"
],
[
"tepid",
"tepid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialect) Lukewarm, tepid."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 1 14 0 4 4 23 27 5 0 2 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 1 3 1 11 1 2 3 20 24 1 1 2 1 9 1 9 6 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1674, J. Ray, \"South & East Countrey Words\" in Coll. Eng. Words, p. 70",
"text": "Lee or Lew, Calm, under the wind. Suss."
},
{
"ref": "1892, H. C. O'Neill, Devonshire Idyls, page 7:",
"text": "His house... was ‘loo’ from the cold north winds.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alee: protected from the wind."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-adj-X0a8uawm",
"links": [
[
"Alee",
"alee"
],
[
"protect",
"protect"
],
[
"wind",
"wind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialect) Alee: protected from the wind."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lew.wav",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luː/",
"note": "yod-dropping"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "lieu"
},
{
"homophone": "Liu"
},
{
"homophone": "lue"
},
{
"homophone": "loo"
},
{
"homophone": "Lou"
},
{
"homophone": "lu (yod-dropping)"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "house-lew"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "lewth"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"lew",
"lew#Middle_English"
],
[
"lewe",
"lewe#Middle_English"
],
[
"*hlēowe",
"Reconstruction:Old English/hleowe"
],
[
"*hlīewe",
"Reconstruction:Old English/hliewe"
],
[
"hlēowe",
"hleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"ġehlēowe",
"gehleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"ġehlīewe",
"gehliewe#Old_English"
],
[
"unhlēowe",
"unhleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"*hliwi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hliwi"
],
[
"*hliwjaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hliwjaz"
],
[
"*hlēwaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlēwaz"
],
[
"*ḱal(w)e-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱal(w)e-"
],
[
"*ḱlēw-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlēw-"
],
[
"hlýr",
"hlýr#Old_Norse"
],
[
"ly",
"ly#Danish"
],
[
"hlær",
"hlær#Old_Norse"
],
[
"lau",
"lau#German"
],
[
"hlé",
"hlé#Old_Norse"
],
[
"læ",
"læ#Danish"
],
[
"lee",
"lee#English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lew"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lew",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*hlēowe"
},
"expansion": "Old English *hlēowe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hliwi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hliwi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
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"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hliwjaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hliwjaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱal(w)e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hlýr",
"3": "",
"4": "warm, mild"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ly",
"3": "",
"4": "lukewarm"
},
"expansion": "Danish ly (“lukewarm”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lau"
},
"expansion": "German lau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hlé",
"3": "",
"4": "lee"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hlé (“lee”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "læ",
"3": "",
"4": "shelter"
},
"expansion": "Danish læ (“shelter”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lew, lewe, from Old English *hlēowe, *hlīewe (attested adverbially in hlēowe (“warmly”) and as ġehlēowe, ġehlīewe (“warm, sunny, sheltered”), unhlēowe (“not warm, chill”)), from Proto-West Germanic *hliwi, from Proto-Germanic *hliwjaz, *hlēwaz (“warm, lukewarm”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-, *ḱlēw- (“warm, hot”). Cognate with Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”), ( > Danish ly (“lukewarm”)), hlær, German lau, which are themselves akin to Old Norse hlé (“lee”), Danish læ (“shelter”). Compare lee.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lews",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lue",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "loo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "looe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lee",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lew (plural lews)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 14 0 4 4 23 27 5 0 2 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 1 5 1 9 2 3 4 19 21 2 2 2 1 13 1 6 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 0 1 3 1 11 1 2 3 20 24 1 1 2 1 9 1 9 6 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1605, J. Sylvester translating G. de S. Du Bartas as Deuine Weekes & Wks, Book i, Ch. iv, p. 136",
"text": "To th' end a fruitfull lew\nMay euerie Climate in his time renew."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Warmth, heat."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-noun-HSoj0K1F",
"links": [
[
"Warmth",
"warmth"
],
[
"heat",
"heat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now Scotland) Warmth, heat."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1825, J. Jennings, Observ. Dial. W. Eng., p. 52",
"text": "Lew, shelter; defence from storms or wind."
},
{
"ref": "1887, W. D. Parish & al., Dictionary of the Kentish Dialect",
"text": "Lew, a thatched hurdle, supported by sticks, and set up in a field to screen lambs, etc. from the wind."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A shelter from the wind, particularly temporary structures raised by shepherds to protect their flocks."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-noun-N0PxaIg8",
"links": [
[
"shelter",
"shelter"
],
[
"wind",
"wind"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"temporary",
"temporary"
],
[
"structure",
"structure"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
],
[
"shepherd",
"shepherd"
],
[
"protect",
"protect"
],
[
"their",
"their"
],
[
"flock",
"flock"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialect) A shelter from the wind, particularly temporary structures raised by shepherds to protect their flocks."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lew.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luː/",
"note": "yod-dropping"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "lieu"
},
{
"homophone": "Liu"
},
{
"homophone": "lue"
},
{
"homophone": "loo"
},
{
"homophone": "Lou"
},
{
"homophone": "lu (yod-dropping)"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"lew",
"lew#Middle_English"
],
[
"lewe",
"lewe#Middle_English"
],
[
"*hlēowe",
"Reconstruction:Old English/hleowe"
],
[
"*hlīewe",
"Reconstruction:Old English/hliewe"
],
[
"hlēowe",
"hleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"ġehlēowe",
"gehleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"ġehlīewe",
"gehliewe#Old_English"
],
[
"unhlēowe",
"unhleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"*hliwi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hliwi"
],
[
"*hliwjaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hliwjaz"
],
[
"*hlēwaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlēwaz"
],
[
"*ḱal(w)e-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱal(w)e-"
],
[
"*ḱlēw-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlēw-"
],
[
"hlýr",
"hlýr#Old_Norse"
],
[
"ly",
"ly#Danish"
],
[
"hlær",
"hlær#Old_Norse"
],
[
"lau",
"lau#German"
],
[
"hlé",
"hlé#Old_Norse"
],
[
"læ",
"læ#Danish"
],
[
"lee",
"lee#English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lew"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lew",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*hlēowe"
},
"expansion": "Old English *hlēowe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hliwi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hliwi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hliwjaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hliwjaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱal(w)e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hlýr",
"3": "",
"4": "warm, mild"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ly",
"3": "",
"4": "lukewarm"
},
"expansion": "Danish ly (“lukewarm”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lau"
},
"expansion": "German lau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hlé",
"3": "",
"4": "lee"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hlé (“lee”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "læ",
"3": "",
"4": "shelter"
},
"expansion": "Danish læ (“shelter”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lew, lewe, from Old English *hlēowe, *hlīewe (attested adverbially in hlēowe (“warmly”) and as ġehlēowe, ġehlīewe (“warm, sunny, sheltered”), unhlēowe (“not warm, chill”)), from Proto-West Germanic *hliwi, from Proto-Germanic *hliwjaz, *hlēwaz (“warm, lukewarm”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-, *ḱlēw- (“warm, hot”). Cognate with Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”), ( > Danish ly (“lukewarm”)), hlær, German lau, which are themselves akin to Old Norse hlé (“lee”), Danish læ (“shelter”). Compare lee.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lews",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lewing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lewed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lewed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lue",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "loo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "looe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lee",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lew (third-person singular simple present lews, present participle lewing, simple past and past participle lewed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To make warm or lukewarm."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-verb-gZmapDzG",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"warm",
"warm"
],
[
"lukewarm",
"lukewarm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make warm or lukewarm."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To become warm."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-verb-UVltd5Pg",
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"warm",
"warm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To become warm."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1887, W. D. Parish & al., Dictionary of the Kentish Dialect",
"text": "Lew... Those trees will lew the house when they're up-grown."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To shelter from the wind."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-verb-la7el7-x",
"links": [
[
"shelter",
"shelter"
],
[
"wind",
"wind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To shelter from the wind."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lew.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luː/",
"note": "yod-dropping"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "lieu"
},
{
"homophone": "Liu"
},
{
"homophone": "lue"
},
{
"homophone": "loo"
},
{
"homophone": "Lou"
},
{
"homophone": "lu (yod-dropping)"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"ġelewed",
"gelewed#Old_English"
],
[
"weakness",
"weakness"
],
[
"infirmity",
"infirmity"
],
[
"limlǣweo",
"limlæweo#Old_English"
],
[
"limb",
"limb"
],
[
"weak",
"weak"
],
[
"lame",
"lame"
],
[
"*laiwą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/laiwą"
],
[
"læ",
"læ#Old_Norse"
]
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġelewed",
"3": "",
"4": "weakness, infirmity"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġelewed (“weakness, infirmity”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "læ",
"3": "",
"4": "venom, bane"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse læ (“venom, bane”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, but compare Old English ġelewed (“weakness, infirmity”) and limlǣweo (“limb-weak, lame”). Possibly related to Proto-Germanic *laiwą (“damage”); compare Old Norse læ (“venom, bane”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more lew",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most lew",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lew (comparative more lew, superlative most lew)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Weak."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-adj-CYWk0keZ",
"links": [
[
"Weak",
"weak"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1325, \"Old Age\" in T. Wright & al.'s 1845 Reliquiae Antiquae, Vol. II, p. 211",
"text": "Mi bodi wexit lewe."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sickly-looking, pale, wan."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-adj-pDha-e13",
"links": [
[
"Sickly",
"sickly"
],
[
"pale",
"pale"
],
[
"wan",
"wan"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lew.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luː/",
"note": "yod-dropping"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "lieu"
},
{
"homophone": "Liu"
},
{
"homophone": "lue"
},
{
"homophone": "loo"
},
{
"homophone": "Lou"
},
{
"homophone": "lu (yod-dropping)"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"lo",
"lo#English"
],
[
"q.v.",
"q.v."
]
],
"etymology_number": "4",
"etymology_text": "Variant of lo (q.v.).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a cry to look at something",
"word": "lo or look"
}
],
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "looky-loo"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
33,
41
]
],
"english": "[She is] not far, she comes, look, look! She brings in her bill something new—behold! It is an olive tree's branch, I think.",
"ref": "15th c., “Processus Noe cum filiis [Noah and the Ark]”, in Wakefield Mystery Plays; Re-edited in George England, Alfred W. Pollard, editors, The Towneley Plays (Early English Text Society Extra Series; LXXI), London: […] Oxford University Press, 1897, →OCLC, page 38, lines 507–510:",
"text": "hence bot a litill / she commys, lew, lew! / shy bryngys in her bill / som novels new; / Behald! / It is of an olif tre / A branch, thynkys me.",
"translation": "[She is] not far, she comes, look, look! She brings in her bill something new—behold! It is an olive tree's branch, I think.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of lo or look: a cry to look at something."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-intj-k1PfS9e-",
"links": [
[
"lo",
"lo#English"
],
[
"look",
"look"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Alternative form of lo or look: a cry to look at something."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lew.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luː/",
"note": "yod-dropping"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "lieu"
},
{
"homophone": "Liu"
},
{
"homophone": "lue"
},
{
"homophone": "loo"
},
{
"homophone": "Lou"
},
{
"homophone": "lu (yod-dropping)"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"lue",
"lue#English"
],
[
"q.v.",
"q.v."
]
],
"etymology_number": "5",
"etymology_text": "Variant of lue (q.v.).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lews",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lewing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lewed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lewed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lew (third-person singular simple present lews, present participle lewing, simple past and past participle lewed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to sift, particularly while mining tin or silver",
"word": "lue"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Mining",
"orig": "en:Mining",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 1 14 0 4 4 23 27 5 0 2 1 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 0 1 5 1 9 2 3 4 19 21 2 2 2 1 13 1 6 4 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1674, John Ray, A Collection of English Words, Not Generally Used, page 122:",
"text": "Cornwall... The fine [sc. tin] is lewed in a fine sierce.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of lue: to sift, particularly while mining tin or silver."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-verb-00YLH1wm",
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"lue",
"lue#English"
],
[
"sift",
"sift"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"mining",
"mining"
],
[
"tin",
"tin"
],
[
"silver",
"silver"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining, dialect, transitive) Alternative form of lue: to sift, particularly while mining tin or silver."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"dialectal",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lew.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luː/",
"note": "yod-dropping"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "lieu"
},
{
"homophone": "Liu"
},
{
"homophone": "lue"
},
{
"homophone": "loo"
},
{
"homophone": "Lou"
},
{
"homophone": "lu (yod-dropping)"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*llew",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/llew"
],
[
"leō",
"leo#Latin"
],
[
"llew",
"llew#Welsh"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*llew"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *llew",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "la",
"3": "leō"
},
"expansion": "Latin leō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "llew"
},
"expansion": "Welsh llew",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *llew, from Latin leō. Cognate with Welsh llew.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lewyon",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"10": "lewyon",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{d2}}}",
"9": "plural",
"cat2": "",
"f4g": "",
"f5g": "",
"f6g": "",
"g": "m",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lew m (plural lewyon)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "lewyon"
},
"expansion": "lew m (plural lewyon)",
"name": "kw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "dandelion",
"translation": "dandelion",
"word": "dans lew"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lion"
],
"id": "en-lew-kw-noun-~FlIdxK7",
"links": [
[
"lion",
"lion"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lion"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[lɛˑʊ]",
"tags": [
"Revived-Middle-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[leˑʊ]",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish"
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*llüw",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/llüw"
],
[
"*ɸlowī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ɸlowī"
],
[
"*plew-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/plew-"
],
[
"luí",
"luí#Old_Irish"
],
[
"llyw",
"llyw#Welsh"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*llüw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *llüw",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*ɸlowī",
"4": "",
"5": "rudder"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ɸlowī (“rudder”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*plew-",
"4": "",
"5": "flow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *plew- (“flow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "luí"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish luí",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "llyw"
},
"expansion": "Welsh llyw",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *llüw, from Proto-Celtic *ɸlowī (“rudder”), from Proto-Indo-European *plew- (“flow”). Cognate with Old Irish luí and Welsh llyw.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lewyon",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"10": "lewyon",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{d2}}}",
"9": "plural",
"cat2": "",
"f4g": "",
"f5g": "",
"f6g": "",
"g": "m",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lew m (plural lewyon)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "lewyon"
},
"expansion": "lew m (plural lewyon)",
"name": "kw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 6 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "drive, steer",
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"translation": "drive, steer",
"word": "lewya"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rudder"
],
"id": "en-lew-kw-noun-N9gPQ~Q8",
"links": [
[
"rudder",
"rudder#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[lɛˑʊ]",
"tags": [
"Revived-Middle-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[leˑʊ]",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish"
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_text": "Probably from Etymology 2.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "40 28 32",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "kw",
"name": "Panthers",
"orig": "kw:Panthers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 14 16",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "kw",
"name": "Ship parts",
"orig": "kw:Ship parts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"starboard"
],
"id": "en-lew-kw-adv-AB3VI675",
"links": [
[
"starboard",
"starboard#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[lɛˑʊ]",
"tags": [
"Revived-Middle-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[leˑʊ]",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish"
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "lēw",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "lēw"
},
"expansion": "lēw",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "lēw"
},
"expansion": "lēw",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐌻𐌴𐍅"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"romanization of 𐌻𐌴𐍅"
],
"id": "en-lew-got-romanization-PsF8idoG",
"links": [
[
"𐌻𐌴𐍅",
"𐌻𐌴𐍅#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"λέων",
"λέων#Ancient_Greek:_lion"
],
[
"leō",
"leo#Latin"
],
[
"*lewô",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lewô#Proto-Germanic:_lion"
],
[
"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰",
"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰#Gothic"
],
[
"*lьvъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lьvъ"
],
[
"*lьvъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lьvъ"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*lьvъ",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek λέων (léōn)bor.\nLatin leōbor.\nProto-Germanic *lewô\nGothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (laiwa)bor.?\nProto-Slavic *lьvъ\nKashubian lew\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lion\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lion\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"λέων\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"leō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*lewô\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gothic\", \"term\" : \"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"got\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*lьvъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Kashubian\", \"term\" : \"lew\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"csb\" }\" data-lang=\"csb\" data-title=\"lew\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *lьvъ.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek λέων (léōn)bor.\nLatin leōbor.\nProto-Germanic *lewô\nGothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (laiwa)bor.?\nProto-Slavic *lьvъ\nKashubian lew\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *lьvъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lwica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "lewka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "lewina",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "lewk",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"dim": "lewk",
"f": "lwica",
"f2": "lewka",
"f3": "lewina"
},
"expansion": "lew m animal (female equivalent lwica or lewka or lewina, diminutive lewk)",
"name": "csb-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lew"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"lew"
]
}
],
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "csb",
"name": "Panthers",
"orig": "csb:Panthers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lion (Panthera leo)"
],
"id": "en-lew-csb-noun-DDKnBiW5",
"links": [
[
"lion",
"lion"
],
[
"Panthera leo",
"Panthera leo#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "lwi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "lwiarnia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "lwię"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"λέων",
"λέων#Ancient_Greek:_lion"
],
[
"leō",
"leo#Latin"
],
[
"*lewô",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lewô#Proto-Germanic:_lion"
],
[
"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰",
"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰#Gothic"
],
[
"*lьvъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lьvъ"
],
[
"*lьvъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lьvъ"
],
[
"Leon",
"Leon#Polish"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*lьvъ",
"doublet": "Leon",
"id": "lion",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek λέων (léōn)bor.\nLatin leōbor.\nProto-Germanic *lewô\nGothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (laiwa)bor.?\nProto-Slavic *lьvъ\nPolish lew\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lion\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lion\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"λέων\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"leō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*lewô\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gothic\", \"term\" : \"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"got\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*lьvъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"lew\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"lion\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"lew\" id=\"Polish:_lion\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *lьvъ. Doublet of Leon.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek λέων (léōn)bor.\nLatin leōbor.\nProto-Germanic *lewô\nGothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (laiwa)bor.?\nProto-Slavic *lьvъ\nPolish lew\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *lьvъ. Doublet of Leon.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lwica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "lewek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "lwisko",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lew",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lwy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"aug": "lwisko",
"dim": "lewek",
"f": "lwica"
},
"expansion": "lew m animal (female equivalent lwica, diminutive lewek, augmentative lwisko)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lew"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"lew"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "l",
"2": "w",
"3": "lew",
"dats": "lwu"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 36 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lion"
],
"id": "en-lew-pl-noun-~FlIdxK7",
"links": [
[
"lion",
"lion"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Heraldry",
"orig": "pl:Heraldry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "15 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 50 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 47 35 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 49 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 49 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 44 36 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 51 37 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 36 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 52 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 49 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 45 34 11",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male animals",
"orig": "pl:Male animals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 45 34 11",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Panthers",
"orig": "pl:Panthers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lion"
],
"id": "en-lew-pl-noun-~FlIdxK71",
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"lion",
"lion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) lion"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "Lew"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"λέων",
"λέων#Ancient_Greek:_lion"
],
[
"leō",
"leo#Latin"
],
[
"*lewô",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lewô#Proto-Germanic:_lion"
],
[
"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰",
"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰#Gothic"
],
[
"*lьvъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lьvъ"
],
[
"львъ",
"львъ#Old_Church_Slavonic"
],
[
"лев",
"лев#Bulgarian:_lion"
],
[
"лев",
"лев#Bulgarian:_lion"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "bg:лев<id:lion>",
"id": "currency",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek λέων (léōn)bor.\nLatin leōbor.\nProto-Germanic *lewô\nGothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (laiwa)bor.?\nProto-Slavic *lьvъ\nOld Church Slavonic львъ (lĭvŭ)\nBulgarian лев (lev)bor.\nPolish lew\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lion\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lion\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lion\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"λέων\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"leō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*lewô\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gothic\", \"term\" : \"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"got\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*lьvъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Church Slavonic\", \"term\" : \"львъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cu\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Bulgarian\", \"term\" : \"лев\", \"lang\" : \"bg\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"lew\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"currency\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"lew\" id=\"Polish:_currency\">\nBorrowed from Bulgarian лев (lev).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek λέων (léōn)bor.\nLatin leōbor.\nProto-Germanic *lewô\nGothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (laiwa)bor.?\nProto-Slavic *lьvъ\nOld Church Slavonic львъ (lĭvŭ)\nBulgarian лев (lev)bor.\nPolish lew\nBorrowed from Bulgarian лев (lev).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lew",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lewy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "lew m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lew"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"lew"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Historical currencies",
"orig": "pl:Historical currencies",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 49 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 49 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 44 36 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 36 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 49 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 100 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Bulgaria",
"orig": "pl:Bulgaria",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 8 88 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Historical currencies",
"orig": "pl:Historical currencies",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lev (former currency of Bulgaria)"
],
"id": "en-lew-pl-noun-B62ZNqM~",
"links": [
[
"numismatics",
"numismatics"
],
[
"lev",
"lev"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(numismatics) lev (former currency of Bulgaria)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"numismatics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "Lew"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nl": "1"
},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "lew f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lew"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"lew"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 44 36 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "lewa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of lewa"
],
"id": "en-lew-pl-noun-inYZ7GjW",
"links": [
[
"lewa",
"lewa#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "Lew"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"leeuw",
"leeuw#Dutch"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "nl",
"3": "leeuw"
},
"expansion": "Dutch leeuw",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dutch leeuw.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sranan Tongo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "srn",
"name": "Felids",
"orig": "srn:Felids",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lion"
],
"id": "en-lew-srn-noun-~FlIdxK7",
"links": [
[
"lion",
"lion#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "llew",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "lew",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "mutated noun"
},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "llew"
},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "llew"
}
],
"glosses": [
"soft mutation of llew"
],
"id": "en-lew-cy-noun-Ewv5ZaDx",
"links": [
[
"llew",
"llew#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"mutation-soft"
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*leb-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leb-"
],
[
"لب",
"لب#Persian"
],
[
"lip",
"lip#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *leb-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "لب",
"tr": "lab"
},
"expansion": "Persian لب (lab)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lip"
},
"expansion": "English lip",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *leb-, cognate with Persian لب (lab), English lip etc.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{pl}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1sc": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "zza-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Zazaki",
"lang_code": "zza",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Zazaki entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zza",
"name": "Mouth",
"orig": "zza:Mouth",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lip"
],
"id": "en-lew-zza-noun-isHvU4HK",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"lip",
"lip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) lip"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cornish adverbs",
"Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"Cornish lemmas",
"Cornish masculine nouns",
"Cornish nouns",
"Cornish terms derived from Latin",
"Cornish terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Cornish terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"kw:Panthers",
"kw:Ship parts"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "dandelion",
"translation": "dandelion",
"word": "dans lew"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*llew",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/llew"
],
[
"leō",
"leo#Latin"
],
[
"llew",
"llew#Welsh"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*llew"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *llew",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "la",
"3": "leō"
},
"expansion": "Latin leō",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "llew"
},
"expansion": "Welsh llew",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *llew, from Latin leō. Cognate with Welsh llew.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lewyon",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"10": "lewyon",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{d2}}}",
"9": "plural",
"cat2": "",
"f4g": "",
"f5g": "",
"f6g": "",
"g": "m",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lew m (plural lewyon)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "lewyon"
},
"expansion": "lew m (plural lewyon)",
"name": "kw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lion"
],
"links": [
[
"lion",
"lion"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lion"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[lɛˑʊ]",
"tags": [
"Revived-Middle-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[leˑʊ]",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish"
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cornish adverbs",
"Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"Cornish lemmas",
"Cornish masculine nouns",
"Cornish nouns",
"Cornish terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
"Cornish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Cornish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Cornish terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic",
"Cornish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"kw:Panthers",
"kw:Ship parts"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "drive, steer",
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"translation": "drive, steer",
"word": "lewya"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*llüw",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Brythonic/llüw"
],
[
"*ɸlowī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ɸlowī"
],
[
"*plew-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/plew-"
],
[
"luí",
"luí#Old_Irish"
],
[
"llyw",
"llyw#Welsh"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-bry-pro",
"3": "*llüw"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *llüw",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*ɸlowī",
"4": "",
"5": "rudder"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *ɸlowī (“rudder”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*plew-",
"4": "",
"5": "flow"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *plew- (“flow”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "luí"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish luí",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "llyw"
},
"expansion": "Welsh llyw",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Brythonic *llüw, from Proto-Celtic *ɸlowī (“rudder”), from Proto-Indo-European *plew- (“flow”). Cognate with Old Irish luí and Welsh llyw.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lewyon",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"10": "lewyon",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "{{{d2}}}",
"9": "plural",
"cat2": "",
"f4g": "",
"f5g": "",
"f6g": "",
"g": "m",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lew m (plural lewyon)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "lewyon"
},
"expansion": "lew m (plural lewyon)",
"name": "kw-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"rudder"
],
"links": [
[
"rudder",
"rudder#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[lɛˑʊ]",
"tags": [
"Revived-Middle-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[leˑʊ]",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish"
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"categories": [
"Cornish adverbs",
"Cornish entries with incorrect language header",
"Cornish lemmas",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"kw:Panthers",
"kw:Ship parts"
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_text": "Probably from Etymology 2.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Cornish",
"lang_code": "kw",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"starboard"
],
"links": [
[
"starboard",
"starboard#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[lɛˑʊ]",
"tags": [
"Revived-Middle-Cornish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[leˑʊ]",
"tags": [
"Revived-Late-Cornish"
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uː",
"Rhymes:English/uː/1 syllable",
"en:Temperature"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"écu",
"écu"
],
[
"écu",
"écu"
],
[
"louis",
"louis#French"
],
[
"Louis",
"Louis#French"
],
[
"écu",
"écu"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "louis"
},
"expansion": "French louis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From corruption of French louis, from Louis, presumably Louis IX or Louis XI, who issued gold écus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lews",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leois",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s",
"2": "lewis",
"3": "leois"
},
"expansion": "lew (plural lews or lewis or leois)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1467, Scottish Acts of James III, Vol. II, p. 88",
"text": "...þe Ingliss noble, henry, ande Eduarde wᵗ þe ross, þe franche crowne, þe salute þe lewe and þe Ridar sall haif courss in þis realme..."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A French gold coin circulated in 15th-century Scotland."
],
"links": [
[
"French",
"French"
],
[
"gold",
"gold"
],
[
"coin",
"coin"
],
[
"circulate",
"circulate"
],
[
"century",
"century"
],
[
"Scotland",
"Scotland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, obsolete) A French gold coin circulated in 15th-century Scotland."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lew.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luː/",
"note": "yod-dropping"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "lieu"
},
{
"homophone": "Liu"
},
{
"homophone": "lue"
},
{
"homophone": "loo"
},
{
"homophone": "Lou"
},
{
"homophone": "lu (yod-dropping)"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uː",
"Rhymes:English/uː/1 syllable",
"en:Temperature"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"lew",
"lew#Middle_English"
],
[
"lewe",
"lewe#Middle_English"
],
[
"*hlēowe",
"Reconstruction:Old English/hleowe"
],
[
"*hlīewe",
"Reconstruction:Old English/hliewe"
],
[
"hlēowe",
"hleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"ġehlēowe",
"gehleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"ġehlīewe",
"gehliewe#Old_English"
],
[
"unhlēowe",
"unhleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"*hliwi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hliwi"
],
[
"*hliwjaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hliwjaz"
],
[
"*hlēwaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlēwaz"
],
[
"*ḱal(w)e-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱal(w)e-"
],
[
"*ḱlēw-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlēw-"
],
[
"hlýr",
"hlýr#Old_Norse"
],
[
"ly",
"ly#Danish"
],
[
"hlær",
"hlær#Old_Norse"
],
[
"lau",
"lau#German"
],
[
"hlé",
"hlé#Old_Norse"
],
[
"læ",
"læ#Danish"
],
[
"lee",
"lee#English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lew"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lew",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*hlēowe"
},
"expansion": "Old English *hlēowe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hliwi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hliwi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hliwjaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hliwjaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱal(w)e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hlýr",
"3": "",
"4": "warm, mild"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ly",
"3": "",
"4": "lukewarm"
},
"expansion": "Danish ly (“lukewarm”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lau"
},
"expansion": "German lau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hlé",
"3": "",
"4": "lee"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hlé (“lee”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "læ",
"3": "",
"4": "shelter"
},
"expansion": "Danish læ (“shelter”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lew, lewe, from Old English *hlēowe, *hlīewe (attested adverbially in hlēowe (“warmly”) and as ġehlēowe, ġehlīewe (“warm, sunny, sheltered”), unhlēowe (“not warm, chill”)), from Proto-West Germanic *hliwi, from Proto-Germanic *hliwjaz, *hlēwaz (“warm, lukewarm”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-, *ḱlēw- (“warm, hot”). Cognate with Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”), ( > Danish ly (“lukewarm”)), hlær, German lau, which are themselves akin to Old Norse hlé (“lee”), Danish læ (“shelter”). Compare lee.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lewer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "lewest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "lue",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "loo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "looe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lee",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "lew (comparative lewer, superlative lewest)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Sunny; warm."
],
"links": [
[
"Sunny",
"sunny"
],
[
"warm",
"warm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Sunny; warm."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Lukewarm, tepid."
],
"links": [
[
"Lukewarm",
"lukewarm"
],
[
"tepid",
"tepid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialect) Lukewarm, tepid."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1674, J. Ray, \"South & East Countrey Words\" in Coll. Eng. Words, p. 70",
"text": "Lee or Lew, Calm, under the wind. Suss."
},
{
"ref": "1892, H. C. O'Neill, Devonshire Idyls, page 7:",
"text": "His house... was ‘loo’ from the cold north winds.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alee: protected from the wind."
],
"links": [
[
"Alee",
"alee"
],
[
"protect",
"protect"
],
[
"wind",
"wind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialect) Alee: protected from the wind."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lew.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luː/",
"note": "yod-dropping"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "lieu"
},
{
"homophone": "Liu"
},
{
"homophone": "lue"
},
{
"homophone": "loo"
},
{
"homophone": "Lou"
},
{
"homophone": "lu (yod-dropping)"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uː",
"Rhymes:English/uː/1 syllable",
"en:Temperature"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "house-lew"
},
{
"word": "lewth"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"lew",
"lew#Middle_English"
],
[
"lewe",
"lewe#Middle_English"
],
[
"*hlēowe",
"Reconstruction:Old English/hleowe"
],
[
"*hlīewe",
"Reconstruction:Old English/hliewe"
],
[
"hlēowe",
"hleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"ġehlēowe",
"gehleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"ġehlīewe",
"gehliewe#Old_English"
],
[
"unhlēowe",
"unhleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"*hliwi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hliwi"
],
[
"*hliwjaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hliwjaz"
],
[
"*hlēwaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlēwaz"
],
[
"*ḱal(w)e-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱal(w)e-"
],
[
"*ḱlēw-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlēw-"
],
[
"hlýr",
"hlýr#Old_Norse"
],
[
"ly",
"ly#Danish"
],
[
"hlær",
"hlær#Old_Norse"
],
[
"lau",
"lau#German"
],
[
"hlé",
"hlé#Old_Norse"
],
[
"læ",
"læ#Danish"
],
[
"lee",
"lee#English"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lew"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lew",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*hlēowe"
},
"expansion": "Old English *hlēowe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hliwi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hliwi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hliwjaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hliwjaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱal(w)e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hlýr",
"3": "",
"4": "warm, mild"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ly",
"3": "",
"4": "lukewarm"
},
"expansion": "Danish ly (“lukewarm”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lau"
},
"expansion": "German lau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hlé",
"3": "",
"4": "lee"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hlé (“lee”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "læ",
"3": "",
"4": "shelter"
},
"expansion": "Danish læ (“shelter”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lew, lewe, from Old English *hlēowe, *hlīewe (attested adverbially in hlēowe (“warmly”) and as ġehlēowe, ġehlīewe (“warm, sunny, sheltered”), unhlēowe (“not warm, chill”)), from Proto-West Germanic *hliwi, from Proto-Germanic *hliwjaz, *hlēwaz (“warm, lukewarm”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-, *ḱlēw- (“warm, hot”). Cognate with Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”), ( > Danish ly (“lukewarm”)), hlær, German lau, which are themselves akin to Old Norse hlé (“lee”), Danish læ (“shelter”). Compare lee.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lews",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lue",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "loo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "looe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lee",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lew (plural lews)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Scottish English"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1605, J. Sylvester translating G. de S. Du Bartas as Deuine Weekes & Wks, Book i, Ch. iv, p. 136",
"text": "To th' end a fruitfull lew\nMay euerie Climate in his time renew."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Warmth, heat."
],
"links": [
[
"Warmth",
"warmth"
],
[
"heat",
"heat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now Scotland) Warmth, heat."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1825, J. Jennings, Observ. Dial. W. Eng., p. 52",
"text": "Lew, shelter; defence from storms or wind."
},
{
"ref": "1887, W. D. Parish & al., Dictionary of the Kentish Dialect",
"text": "Lew, a thatched hurdle, supported by sticks, and set up in a field to screen lambs, etc. from the wind."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A shelter from the wind, particularly temporary structures raised by shepherds to protect their flocks."
],
"links": [
[
"shelter",
"shelter"
],
[
"wind",
"wind"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"temporary",
"temporary"
],
[
"structure",
"structure"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
],
[
"shepherd",
"shepherd"
],
[
"protect",
"protect"
],
[
"their",
"their"
],
[
"flock",
"flock"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialect) A shelter from the wind, particularly temporary structures raised by shepherds to protect their flocks."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lew.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luː/",
"note": "yod-dropping"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "lieu"
},
{
"homophone": "Liu"
},
{
"homophone": "lue"
},
{
"homophone": "loo"
},
{
"homophone": "Lou"
},
{
"homophone": "lu (yod-dropping)"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uː",
"Rhymes:English/uː/1 syllable",
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],
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"lew",
"lew#Middle_English"
],
[
"lewe",
"lewe#Middle_English"
],
[
"*hlēowe",
"Reconstruction:Old English/hleowe"
],
[
"*hlīewe",
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[
"hlēowe",
"hleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"ġehlēowe",
"gehleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"ġehlīewe",
"gehliewe#Old_English"
],
[
"unhlēowe",
"unhleowe#Old_English"
],
[
"*hliwi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hliwi"
],
[
"*hliwjaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hliwjaz"
],
[
"*hlēwaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlēwaz"
],
[
"*ḱal(w)e-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱal(w)e-"
],
[
"*ḱlēw-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱlēw-"
],
[
"hlýr",
"hlýr#Old_Norse"
],
[
"ly",
"ly#Danish"
],
[
"hlær",
"hlær#Old_Norse"
],
[
"lau",
"lau#German"
],
[
"hlé",
"hlé#Old_Norse"
],
[
"læ",
"læ#Danish"
],
[
"lee",
"lee#English"
]
],
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"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lew"
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"expansion": "Middle English lew",
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "*hlēowe"
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"expansion": "Old English *hlēowe",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "gmw-pro",
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"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hliwi",
"name": "inh"
},
{
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hliwjaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hliwjaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱal(w)e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hlýr",
"3": "",
"4": "warm, mild"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ly",
"3": "",
"4": "lukewarm"
},
"expansion": "Danish ly (“lukewarm”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lau"
},
"expansion": "German lau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hlé",
"3": "",
"4": "lee"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hlé (“lee”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "læ",
"3": "",
"4": "shelter"
},
"expansion": "Danish læ (“shelter”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lew, lewe, from Old English *hlēowe, *hlīewe (attested adverbially in hlēowe (“warmly”) and as ġehlēowe, ġehlīewe (“warm, sunny, sheltered”), unhlēowe (“not warm, chill”)), from Proto-West Germanic *hliwi, from Proto-Germanic *hliwjaz, *hlēwaz (“warm, lukewarm”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-, *ḱlēw- (“warm, hot”). Cognate with Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”), ( > Danish ly (“lukewarm”)), hlær, German lau, which are themselves akin to Old Norse hlé (“lee”), Danish læ (“shelter”). Compare lee.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lews",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lewing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lewed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lewed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lue",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "loo",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "looe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "lee",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
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"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To make warm or lukewarm."
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"warm",
"warm"
],
[
"lukewarm",
"lukewarm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make warm or lukewarm."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To become warm."
],
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"warm",
"warm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To become warm."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1887, W. D. Parish & al., Dictionary of the Kentish Dialect",
"text": "Lew... Those trees will lew the house when they're up-grown."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To shelter from the wind."
],
"links": [
[
"shelter",
"shelter"
],
[
"wind",
"wind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To shelter from the wind."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lew.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luː/",
"note": "yod-dropping"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "lieu"
},
{
"homophone": "Liu"
},
{
"homophone": "lue"
},
{
"homophone": "loo"
},
{
"homophone": "Lou"
},
{
"homophone": "lu (yod-dropping)"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms with homophones",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uː",
"Rhymes:English/uː/1 syllable",
"en:Temperature"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"ġelewed",
"gelewed#Old_English"
],
[
"weakness",
"weakness"
],
[
"infirmity",
"infirmity"
],
[
"limlǣweo",
"limlæweo#Old_English"
],
[
"limb",
"limb"
],
[
"weak",
"weak"
],
[
"lame",
"lame"
],
[
"*laiwą",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/laiwą"
],
[
"læ",
"læ#Old_Norse"
]
],
"etymology_number": "3",
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},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
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"3": "",
"4": "weakness, infirmity"
},
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "læ",
"3": "",
"4": "venom, bane"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse læ (“venom, bane”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, but compare Old English ġelewed (“weakness, infirmity”) and limlǣweo (“limb-weak, lame”). Possibly related to Proto-Germanic *laiwą (“damage”); compare Old Norse læ (“venom, bane”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more lew",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most lew",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
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"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Weak."
],
"links": [
[
"Weak",
"weak"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1325, \"Old Age\" in T. Wright & al.'s 1845 Reliquiae Antiquae, Vol. II, p. 211",
"text": "Mi bodi wexit lewe."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sickly-looking, pale, wan."
],
"links": [
[
"Sickly",
"sickly"
],
[
"pale",
"pale"
],
[
"wan",
"wan"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lew.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luː/",
"note": "yod-dropping"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "lieu"
},
{
"homophone": "Liu"
},
{
"homophone": "lue"
},
{
"homophone": "loo"
},
{
"homophone": "Lou"
},
{
"homophone": "lu (yod-dropping)"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English interjections",
"English lemmas",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uː",
"Rhymes:English/uː/1 syllable",
"en:Temperature"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "looky-loo"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"lo",
"lo#English"
],
[
"q.v.",
"q.v."
]
],
"etymology_number": "4",
"etymology_text": "Variant of lo (q.v.).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "interjection"
},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "intj",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "a cry to look at something",
"word": "lo or look"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
33,
41
]
],
"english": "[She is] not far, she comes, look, look! She brings in her bill something new—behold! It is an olive tree's branch, I think.",
"ref": "15th c., “Processus Noe cum filiis [Noah and the Ark]”, in Wakefield Mystery Plays; Re-edited in George England, Alfred W. Pollard, editors, The Towneley Plays (Early English Text Society Extra Series; LXXI), London: […] Oxford University Press, 1897, →OCLC, page 38, lines 507–510:",
"text": "hence bot a litill / she commys, lew, lew! / shy bryngys in her bill / som novels new; / Behald! / It is of an olif tre / A branch, thynkys me.",
"translation": "[She is] not far, she comes, look, look! She brings in her bill something new—behold! It is an olive tree's branch, I think.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of lo or look: a cry to look at something."
],
"links": [
[
"lo",
"lo#English"
],
[
"look",
"look"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Alternative form of lo or look: a cry to look at something."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lew.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luː/",
"note": "yod-dropping"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "lieu"
},
{
"homophone": "Liu"
},
{
"homophone": "lue"
},
{
"homophone": "loo"
},
{
"homophone": "Lou"
},
{
"homophone": "lu (yod-dropping)"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms with homophones",
"English verbs",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uː",
"Rhymes:English/uː/1 syllable",
"en:Temperature"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"lue",
"lue#English"
],
[
"q.v.",
"q.v."
]
],
"etymology_number": "5",
"etymology_text": "Variant of lue (q.v.).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lews",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lewing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lewed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lewed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lew (third-person singular simple present lews, present participle lewing, simple past and past participle lewed)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "to sift, particularly while mining tin or silver",
"word": "lue"
}
],
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Mining"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1674, John Ray, A Collection of English Words, Not Generally Used, page 122:",
"text": "Cornwall... The fine [sc. tin] is lewed in a fine sierce.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of lue: to sift, particularly while mining tin or silver."
],
"links": [
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"lue",
"lue#English"
],
[
"sift",
"sift"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"mining",
"mining"
],
[
"tin",
"tin"
],
[
"silver",
"silver"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mining, dialect, transitive) Alternative form of lue: to sift, particularly while mining tin or silver."
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"dialectal",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lew.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-lew.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luː/",
"note": "yod-dropping"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
},
{
"homophone": "lieu"
},
{
"homophone": "Liu"
},
{
"homophone": "lue"
},
{
"homophone": "loo"
},
{
"homophone": "Lou"
},
{
"homophone": "lu (yod-dropping)"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "lēw",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "lēw"
},
"expansion": "lēw",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "lēw"
},
"expansion": "lēw",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐌻𐌴𐍅"
}
],
"categories": [
"Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"Gothic non-lemma forms",
"Gothic romanizations",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"romanization of 𐌻𐌴𐍅"
],
"links": [
[
"𐌻𐌴𐍅",
"𐌻𐌴𐍅#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"λέων",
"λέων#Ancient_Greek:_lion"
],
[
"leō",
"leo#Latin"
],
[
"*lewô",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lewô#Proto-Germanic:_lion"
],
[
"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰",
"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰#Gothic"
],
[
"*lьvъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lьvъ"
],
[
"*lьvъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lьvъ"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*lьvъ",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek λέων (léōn)bor.\nLatin leōbor.\nProto-Germanic *lewô\nGothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (laiwa)bor.?\nProto-Slavic *lьvъ\nKashubian lew\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lion\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lion\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"λέων\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"leō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*lewô\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gothic\", \"term\" : \"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"got\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*lьvъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Kashubian\", \"term\" : \"lew\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"csb\" }\" data-lang=\"csb\" data-title=\"lew\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *lьvъ.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek λέων (léōn)bor.\nLatin leōbor.\nProto-Germanic *lewô\nGothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (laiwa)bor.?\nProto-Slavic *lьvъ\nKashubian lew\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *lьvъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lwica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "lewka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "lewina",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "lewk",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"dim": "lewk",
"f": "lwica",
"f2": "lewka",
"f3": "lewina"
},
"expansion": "lew m animal (female equivalent lwica or lewka or lewina, diminutive lewk)",
"name": "csb-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lew"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"lew"
]
}
],
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kashubian animal nouns",
"Kashubian entries with etymology texts",
"Kashubian entries with etymology trees",
"Kashubian entries with etymon",
"Kashubian entries with incorrect language header",
"Kashubian lemmas",
"Kashubian masculine nouns",
"Kashubian nouns",
"Kashubian terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Kashubian terms derived from Gothic",
"Kashubian terms derived from Latin",
"Kashubian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Kashubian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Kashubian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Kashubian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Kashubian/ɛf",
"Rhymes:Kashubian/ɛf/1 syllable",
"csb:Panthers"
],
"glosses": [
"lion (Panthera leo)"
],
"links": [
[
"lion",
"lion"
],
[
"Panthera leo",
"Panthera leo#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Gothic",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛf",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛf/1 syllable",
"pl:Bulgaria",
"pl:Historical currencies",
"pl:Male animals",
"pl:Panthers"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "lwi"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "lwiarnia"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "lwię"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"λέων",
"λέων#Ancient_Greek:_lion"
],
[
"leō",
"leo#Latin"
],
[
"*lewô",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lewô#Proto-Germanic:_lion"
],
[
"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰",
"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰#Gothic"
],
[
"*lьvъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lьvъ"
],
[
"*lьvъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lьvъ"
],
[
"Leon",
"Leon#Polish"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*lьvъ",
"doublet": "Leon",
"id": "lion",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek λέων (léōn)bor.\nLatin leōbor.\nProto-Germanic *lewô\nGothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (laiwa)bor.?\nProto-Slavic *lьvъ\nPolish lew\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lion\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lion\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"λέων\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"leō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*lewô\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gothic\", \"term\" : \"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"got\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*lьvъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"lew\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"lion\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"lew\" id=\"Polish:_lion\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *lьvъ. Doublet of Leon.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek λέων (léōn)bor.\nLatin leōbor.\nProto-Germanic *lewô\nGothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (laiwa)bor.?\nProto-Slavic *lьvъ\nPolish lew\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *lьvъ. Doublet of Leon.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lwica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "lewek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "lwisko",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lew",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lwy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"aug": "lwisko",
"dim": "lewek",
"f": "lwica"
},
"expansion": "lew m animal (female equivalent lwica, diminutive lewek, augmentative lwisko)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lew"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"lew"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "l",
"2": "w",
"3": "lew",
"dats": "lwu"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lion"
],
"links": [
[
"lion",
"lion"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Heraldry"
],
"glosses": [
"lion"
],
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"lion",
"lion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) lion"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "Lew"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Bulgarian",
"Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Bulgarian",
"Polish terms derived from Gothic",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Old Church Slavonic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛf",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛf/1 syllable",
"pl:Bulgaria",
"pl:Historical currencies",
"pl:Male animals",
"pl:Panthers"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"λέων",
"λέων#Ancient_Greek:_lion"
],
[
"leō",
"leo#Latin"
],
[
"*lewô",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lewô#Proto-Germanic:_lion"
],
[
"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰",
"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰#Gothic"
],
[
"*lьvъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lьvъ"
],
[
"львъ",
"львъ#Old_Church_Slavonic"
],
[
"лев",
"лев#Bulgarian:_lion"
],
[
"лев",
"лев#Bulgarian:_lion"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "bg:лев<id:lion>",
"id": "currency",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek λέων (léōn)bor.\nLatin leōbor.\nProto-Germanic *lewô\nGothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (laiwa)bor.?\nProto-Slavic *lьvъ\nOld Church Slavonic львъ (lĭvŭ)\nBulgarian лев (lev)bor.\nPolish lew\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lion\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lion\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"lion\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"λέων\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"leō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*lewô\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Gothic\", \"term\" : \"𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"got\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*lьvъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Church Slavonic\", \"term\" : \"львъ\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cu\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Bulgarian\", \"term\" : \"лев\", \"lang\" : \"bg\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"lew\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"currency\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"lew\" id=\"Polish:_currency\">\nBorrowed from Bulgarian лев (lev).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nAncient Greek λέων (léōn)bor.\nLatin leōbor.\nProto-Germanic *lewô\nGothic 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 (laiwa)bor.?\nProto-Slavic *lьvъ\nOld Church Slavonic львъ (lĭvŭ)\nBulgarian лев (lev)bor.\nPolish lew\nBorrowed from Bulgarian лев (lev).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lew",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lewy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "lew m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lew"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"lew"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with historical senses",
"pl:Historical currencies"
],
"glosses": [
"lev (former currency of Bulgaria)"
],
"links": [
[
"numismatics",
"numismatics"
],
[
"lev",
"lev"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(numismatics) lev (former currency of Bulgaria)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"numismatics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "Lew"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛf",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛf/1 syllable",
"pl:Bulgaria",
"pl:Historical currencies",
"pl:Male animals",
"pl:Panthers"
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nl": "1"
},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "lew f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lew"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"lew"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "lewa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of lewa"
],
"links": [
[
"lewa",
"lewa#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "Lew"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"leeuw",
"leeuw#Dutch"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "nl",
"3": "leeuw"
},
"expansion": "Dutch leeuw",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dutch leeuw.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sranan Tongo entries with incorrect language header",
"Sranan Tongo lemmas",
"Sranan Tongo nouns",
"Sranan Tongo terms borrowed from Dutch",
"Sranan Tongo terms derived from Dutch",
"srn:Felids"
],
"glosses": [
"lion"
],
"links": [
[
"lion",
"lion#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "Latn",
"name": "mul-symbol/script"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mul",
"10": "",
"2": "symbol",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "or",
"6": "",
"7": "or",
"8": "",
"9": "or",
"cat2": "",
"f1lang": "en",
"f1nolink": "",
"f2lang": "en",
"f2nolink": "",
"f3lang": "en",
"f3nolink": "",
"f4lang": "en",
"f4nolink": "",
"head": "",
"head2": "",
"head3": "",
"head4": "",
"image": "",
"nolinkhead": "",
"sc": "Latn",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "mul-symbol"
}
],
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "symbol",
"related": [
{
"word": "Wiktionary’s coverage of Ledo Kaili terms"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"ISO 639-3",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"ISO 639-3 language code for Ledo Kaili."
],
"links": [
[
"language code",
"language code"
]
],
"qualifier": "international standards",
"raw_glosses": [
"(international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Ledo Kaili."
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "llew",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "lew",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "mutated noun"
},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "llew"
},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh mutated nouns",
"Welsh non-lemma forms",
"Welsh soft-mutation forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "llew"
}
],
"glosses": [
"soft mutation of llew"
],
"links": [
[
"llew",
"llew#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"mutation-soft"
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*leb-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leb-"
],
[
"لب",
"لب#Persian"
],
[
"lip",
"lip#English"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *leb-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "لب",
"tr": "lab"
},
"expansion": "Persian لب (lab)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lip"
},
"expansion": "English lip",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *leb-, cognate with Persian لب (lab), English lip etc.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{pl}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1sc": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "zza-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Zazaki",
"lang_code": "zza",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zazaki entries with incorrect language header",
"Zazaki lemmas",
"Zazaki nouns",
"Zazaki terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"zza:Mouth"
],
"glosses": [
"lip"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"lip",
"lip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) lip"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lew meaning in All languages combined (51.3kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: lew/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"lew"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lew",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: lew/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"lew"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lew",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: lew/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
"path": [
"lew"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lew",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.