See lew on Wiktionary
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "louis"
},
"expansion": "French louis",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From corruption of French louis, from Louis, presumably Louis IX or Louis XI, who issued gold écus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lews",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewis",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "leois",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
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"head_templates": [
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"lang_code": "en",
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"name": "Scottish English",
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{
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{
"ref": "1467, Scottish Acts of James III, Vol. II, p. 88",
"text": "...þe Ingliss noble, henry, ande Eduarde wᵗ þe ross, þe franche crowne, þe salute þe lewe and þe Ridar sall haif courss in þis realme..."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A French gold coin circulated in 15th-century Scotland."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-noun-RTkgMYU9",
"links": [
[
"French",
"French"
],
[
"gold",
"gold"
],
[
"coin",
"coin"
],
[
"circulate",
"circulate"
],
[
"century",
"century"
],
[
"Scotland",
"Scotland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Scotland, obsolete) A French gold coin circulated in 15th-century Scotland."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lewe"
}
],
"tags": [
"Scotland",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
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"ipa": "/luː/"
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{
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},
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/",
"tags": [
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{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lew"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lew",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hlēow"
},
"expansion": "Old English hlēow",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hlewaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlewaz",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱal(w)e-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hlýr",
"3": "",
"4": "warm, mild"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ly",
"3": "",
"4": "lukewarm"
},
"expansion": "Danish ly (“lukewarm”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "lau"
},
"expansion": "German lau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hlé",
"3": "",
"4": "lee"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hlé (“lee”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "læ",
"3": "",
"4": "shelter"
},
"expansion": "Danish læ (“shelter”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lew, lewe, from Old English hlēow, hlēowe (“warm, sunny, sheltered”), from Proto-Germanic *hlewaz, *hliwjaz, *hlēwaz (“warm, lukewarm”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-, *ḱlēw- (“warm, hot”). Cognate with Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”), ( > Danish ly (“lukewarm”)), hlær, German lau, which are themselves akin to Old Norse hlé (“lee”), Danish læ (“shelter”). Compare lee.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lewer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "lewest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
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"args": {
"1": "er"
},
"expansion": "lew (comparative lewer, superlative lewest)",
"name": "en-adj"
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"Sunny; warm."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-adj-NvwLqu7M",
"links": [
[
"Sunny",
"sunny"
],
[
"warm",
"warm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Sunny; warm."
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 67 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Temperature",
"orig": "en:Temperature",
"parents": [
"Nature",
"Weather",
"All topics",
"Atmosphere",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Lukewarm, tepid."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-adj-wYrzp~vg",
"links": [
[
"Lukewarm",
"lukewarm"
],
[
"tepid",
"tepid"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialect) Lukewarm, tepid."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
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"_dis": "3 7 13 0 3 6 21 24 5 4 1 2 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1674, J. Ray, \"South & East Countrey Words\" in Coll. Eng. Words, p. 70",
"text": "Lee or Lew, Calm, under the wind. Suss."
},
{
"ref": "1892, H. C. O'Neill, Devonshire Idyls, page 7:",
"text": "His house... was ‘loo’ from the cold north winds.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alee: protected from the wind."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-adj-X0a8uawm",
"links": [
[
"Alee",
"alee"
],
[
"protect",
"protect"
],
[
"wind",
"wind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialect) Alee: protected from the wind."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/luː/"
},
{
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},
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/",
"tags": [
"dated"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lue"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "loo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "looe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lee"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "house-lew"
}
],
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"3": "lew"
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"expansion": "Middle English lew",
"name": "inh"
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{
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"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "hlēow"
},
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"name": "inh"
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"3": "*ḱal(w)e-"
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"1": "non",
"2": "hlýr",
"3": "",
"4": "warm, mild"
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"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "ly",
"3": "",
"4": "lukewarm"
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"expansion": "Danish ly (“lukewarm”)",
"name": "cog"
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"args": {
"1": "de",
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"expansion": "German lau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hlé",
"3": "",
"4": "lee"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hlé (“lee”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "læ",
"3": "",
"4": "shelter"
},
"expansion": "Danish læ (“shelter”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lew, lewe, from Old English hlēow, hlēowe (“warm, sunny, sheltered”), from Proto-Germanic *hlewaz, *hliwjaz, *hlēwaz (“warm, lukewarm”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-, *ḱlēw- (“warm, hot”). Cognate with Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”), ( > Danish ly (“lukewarm”)), hlær, German lau, which are themselves akin to Old Norse hlé (“lee”), Danish læ (“shelter”). Compare lee.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lews",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
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"args": {},
"expansion": "lew (plural lews)",
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{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Scottish English",
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{
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"kind": "other",
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{
"_dis": "3 2 11 0 2 4 22 28 2 1 1 1 11 1 10 1 1",
"kind": "other",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1605, J. Sylvester translating G. de S. Du Bartas as Deuine Weekes & Wks, Book i, Ch. iv, p. 136",
"text": "To th' end a fruitfull lew\nMay euerie Climate in his time renew."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Warmth, heat."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-noun-HSoj0K1F",
"links": [
[
"Warmth",
"warmth"
],
[
"heat",
"heat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now Scotland) Warmth, heat."
],
"tags": [
"Scotland"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1825, J. Jennings, Observ. Dial. W. Eng., p. 52",
"text": "Lew, shelter; defence from storms or wind."
},
{
"ref": "1887, W. D. Parish & al., Dictionary of the Kentish Dialect",
"text": "Lew, a thatched hurdle, supported by sticks, and set up in a field to screen lambs, etc. from the wind."
}
],
"glosses": [
"A shelter from the wind, particularly temporary structures raised by shepherds to protect their flocks."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-noun-N0PxaIg8",
"links": [
[
"shelter",
"shelter"
],
[
"wind",
"wind"
],
[
"particularly",
"particularly"
],
[
"temporary",
"temporary"
],
[
"structure",
"structure"
],
[
"raise",
"raise"
],
[
"shepherd",
"shepherd"
],
[
"protect",
"protect"
],
[
"their",
"their"
],
[
"flock",
"flock"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialect) A shelter from the wind, particularly temporary structures raised by shepherds to protect their flocks."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
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"ipa": "/ljuː/",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lue"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "loo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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}
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"3": "lew"
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"expansion": "Middle English lew",
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{
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"1": "en",
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"name": "inh"
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{
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"4": "warm, mild"
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"name": "cog"
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"3": "",
"4": "lukewarm"
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"expansion": "Danish ly (“lukewarm”)",
"name": "cog"
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{
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"2": "lau"
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"expansion": "German lau",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hlé",
"3": "",
"4": "lee"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hlé (“lee”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
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"3": "",
"4": "shelter"
},
"expansion": "Danish læ (“shelter”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lew, lewe, from Old English hlēow, hlēowe (“warm, sunny, sheltered”), from Proto-Germanic *hlewaz, *hliwjaz, *hlēwaz (“warm, lukewarm”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-, *ḱlēw- (“warm, hot”). Cognate with Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”), ( > Danish ly (“lukewarm”)), hlær, German lau, which are themselves akin to Old Norse hlé (“lee”), Danish læ (“shelter”). Compare lee.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lews",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "lewing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "lewed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "lewed",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
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],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To make warm or lukewarm."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-verb-gZmapDzG",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"warm",
"warm"
],
[
"lukewarm",
"lukewarm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To make warm or lukewarm."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To become warm."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-verb-UVltd5Pg",
"links": [
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"warm",
"warm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To become warm."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1887, W. D. Parish & al., Dictionary of the Kentish Dialect",
"text": "Lew... Those trees will lew the house when they're up-grown."
}
],
"glosses": [
"To shelter from the wind."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-verb-la7el7-x",
"links": [
[
"shelter",
"shelter"
],
[
"wind",
"wind"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To shelter from the wind."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/luː/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lew.wav",
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{
"ipa": "/ljuː/",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lue"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "loo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "looe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
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}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ġelewed",
"3": "",
"4": "weakness, infirmity"
},
"expansion": "Old English ġelewed (“weakness, infirmity”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "læ",
"3": "",
"4": "venom, bane"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse læ (“venom, bane”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, but compare Old English ġelewed (“weakness, infirmity”) and limlǣweo (“limb-weak, lame”). Possibly related to Proto-Germanic *laiwą (“damage”); compare Old Norse læ (“venom, bane”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more lew",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most lew",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
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"args": {},
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"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Weak."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-adj-CYWk0keZ",
"links": [
[
"Weak",
"weak"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"ref": "c. 1325, \"Old Age\" in T. Wright & al.'s 1845 Reliquiae Antiquae, Vol. II, p. 211",
"text": "Mi bodi wexit lewe."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sickly-looking, pale, wan."
],
"id": "en-lew-en-adj-pDha-e13",
"links": [
[
"Sickly",
"sickly"
],
[
"pale",
"pale"
],
[
"wan",
"wan"
]
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "/ljuː/",
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{
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{
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{
"extra": "a cry to look at something",
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],
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "looky-loo"
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],
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{
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[
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{
"ipa": "/ljuː/",
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"dated"
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}
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"word": "lew"
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{
"etymology_number": 5,
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{
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"singular",
"third-person"
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},
{
"form": "lewing",
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"present"
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{
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"lang_code": "en",
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{
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{
"extra": "to sift, particularly while mining tin or silver",
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],
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{
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"Business",
"Economics",
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"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
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{
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{
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{
"ref": "1674, John Ray, A Collection of English Words, Not Generally Used, page 122:",
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"type": "quote"
}
],
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"Alternative form of lue: to sift, particularly while mining tin or silver."
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[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
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[
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[
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"sift"
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[
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"particularly"
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[
"mining",
"mining"
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[
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"tin"
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[
"silver",
"silver"
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"(mining, dialect, transitive) Alternative form of lue: to sift, particularly while mining tin or silver."
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"tags": [
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"alternative",
"dialectal",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
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{
"ipa": "/ljuː/",
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{
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"1": "kw",
"2": "la",
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{
"form": "lewyon",
"tags": [
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}
],
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{
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],
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"id": "en-lew-kw-noun-~FlIdxK7",
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{
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{
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],
"word": "lew"
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{
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{
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"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐌻𐌴𐍅"
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{
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{
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],
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[
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],
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],
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"expansion": "Inherited",
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{
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],
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},
{
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{
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{
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],
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{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
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{
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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{
"_dis1": "0 0",
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{
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{
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"2": "gem"
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"expansion": "Germanic",
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{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Latin leō",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "Leon"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of Leon",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lьvъ, probably via a Germanic language, from Latin leō. Doublet of Leon.",
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{
"form": "lwica",
"tags": [
"feminine"
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},
{
"form": "lewek",
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"diminutive"
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},
{
"form": "lwisko",
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"augmentative"
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},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
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"table-tags"
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},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
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},
{
"form": "lew",
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},
{
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"plural"
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},
{
"form": "lwa",
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"singular"
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},
{
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},
{
"form": "lwu",
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},
{
"form": "lwom",
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"tags": [
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwa",
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"tags": [
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"singular"
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},
{
"form": "lwy",
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"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwie",
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"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
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},
{
"form": "lwy",
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"vocative"
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}
],
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],
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{
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"3": "lew",
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],
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{
"glosses": [
"lion"
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"id": "en-lew-pl-noun-~FlIdxK7",
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[
"lion",
"lion"
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],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
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"name": "Heraldry",
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
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{
"_dis": "2 72 4 21",
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"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 92 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
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"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 93 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 92 5",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "5 53 7 34",
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"name": "Male animals",
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"Biology",
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"Sciences",
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"Society"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 59 3 6",
"kind": "lifeform",
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"name": "Panthers",
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"Felids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"lion"
],
"id": "en-lew-pl-noun-~FlIdxK71",
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"lion",
"lion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) lion"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "Lew"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
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"2": "bg",
"3": "лев"
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"expansion": "Borrowed from Bulgarian лев (lev)",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*lьvъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *lьvъ",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Bulgarian лев (lev), from Proto-Slavic *lьvъ.",
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{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lew",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewie",
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{
"form": "lewach",
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{
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"animal-not-person",
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{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
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{
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{
"args": {
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"form": "no-table-tags",
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{
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{
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"llew#Welsh"
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"args": {
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"args": {
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{
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"1": "en",
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"id": "en-lew-zza-noun-isHvU4HK",
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"1": "kw",
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"form": "lewyon",
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}
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"1": "en",
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"form": "lews",
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"plural"
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},
{
"form": "lewis",
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"plural"
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{
"form": "leois",
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{
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{
"ref": "1467, Scottish Acts of James III, Vol. II, p. 88",
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],
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"coin",
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[
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[
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"raw_glosses": [
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],
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"Scotland",
"obsolete"
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"sounds": [
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"ipa": "/luː/"
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{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-lew.wav",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ljuː/",
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lewe"
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],
"word": "lew"
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{
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"args": {
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
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{
"args": {
"1": "non",
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"name": "cog"
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{
"args": {
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"args": {
"1": "de",
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{
"args": {
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{
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"3": "",
"4": "shelter"
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"expansion": "Danish læ (“shelter”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lew, lewe, from Old English hlēow, hlēowe (“warm, sunny, sheltered”), from Proto-Germanic *hlewaz, *hliwjaz, *hlēwaz (“warm, lukewarm”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-, *ḱlēw- (“warm, hot”). Cognate with Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”), ( > Danish ly (“lukewarm”)), hlær, German lau, which are themselves akin to Old Norse hlé (“lee”), Danish læ (“shelter”). Compare lee.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lewer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "lewest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
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}
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{
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
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"Sunny; warm."
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"sunny"
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[
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"warm"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Sunny; warm."
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"obsolete"
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},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Lukewarm, tepid."
],
"links": [
[
"Lukewarm",
"lukewarm"
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[
"tepid",
"tepid"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialect) Lukewarm, tepid."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1674, J. Ray, \"South & East Countrey Words\" in Coll. Eng. Words, p. 70",
"text": "Lee or Lew, Calm, under the wind. Suss."
},
{
"ref": "1892, H. C. O'Neill, Devonshire Idyls, page 7:",
"text": "His house... was ‘loo’ from the cold north winds.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
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"Alee: protected from the wind."
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[
"Alee",
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[
"protect",
"protect"
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[
"wind",
"wind"
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],
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"(dialect) Alee: protected from the wind."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
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{
"ipa": "/ljuː/",
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"word": "lue"
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{
"word": "loo"
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{
"word": "looe"
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"3": "",
"4": "shelter"
},
"expansion": "Danish læ (“shelter”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English lew, lewe, from Old English hlēow, hlēowe (“warm, sunny, sheltered”), from Proto-Germanic *hlewaz, *hliwjaz, *hlēwaz (“warm, lukewarm”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱal(w)e-, *ḱlēw- (“warm, hot”). Cognate with Old Norse hlýr (“warm, mild”), ( > Danish ly (“lukewarm”)), hlær, German lau, which are themselves akin to Old Norse hlé (“lee”), Danish læ (“shelter”). Compare lee.",
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{
"form": "lews",
"tags": [
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],
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"categories": [
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],
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{
"ref": "1605, J. Sylvester translating G. de S. Du Bartas as Deuine Weekes & Wks, Book i, Ch. iv, p. 136",
"text": "To th' end a fruitfull lew\nMay euerie Climate in his time renew."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Warmth, heat."
],
"links": [
[
"Warmth",
"warmth"
],
[
"heat",
"heat"
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],
"raw_glosses": [
"(now Scotland) Warmth, heat."
],
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"Scotland"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dialectal terms"
],
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{
"ref": "1825, J. Jennings, Observ. Dial. W. Eng., p. 52",
"text": "Lew, shelter; defence from storms or wind."
},
{
"ref": "1887, W. D. Parish & al., Dictionary of the Kentish Dialect",
"text": "Lew, a thatched hurdle, supported by sticks, and set up in a field to screen lambs, etc. from the wind."
}
],
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"A shelter from the wind, particularly temporary structures raised by shepherds to protect their flocks."
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[
"shelter",
"shelter"
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[
"wind",
"wind"
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[
"particularly",
"particularly"
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[
"temporary",
"temporary"
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[
"structure",
"structure"
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[
"raise",
"raise"
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[
"shepherd",
"shepherd"
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[
"protect",
"protect"
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[
"their",
"their"
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[
"flock",
"flock"
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],
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"(dialect) A shelter from the wind, particularly temporary structures raised by shepherds to protect their flocks."
],
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"dialectal"
]
}
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},
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"ipa": "/ljuː/",
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"dated"
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}
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"word": "lue"
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{
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{
"word": "looe"
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"word": "lee"
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"4": "shelter"
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"make"
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[
"warm",
"warm"
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[
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"(transitive) To make warm or lukewarm."
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"transitive"
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},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with obsolete senses"
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"glosses": [
"To become warm."
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[
"warm",
"warm"
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"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, obsolete) To become warm."
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"intransitive",
"obsolete"
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{
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"English transitive verbs"
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"ref": "1887, W. D. Parish & al., Dictionary of the Kentish Dialect",
"text": "Lew... Those trees will lew the house when they're up-grown."
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"To shelter from the wind."
],
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[
"shelter",
"shelter"
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[
"wind",
"wind"
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"(transitive) To shelter from the wind."
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"transitive"
]
}
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"3": "",
"4": "venom, bane"
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],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain, but compare Old English ġelewed (“weakness, infirmity”) and limlǣweo (“limb-weak, lame”). Possibly related to Proto-Germanic *laiwą (“damage”); compare Old Norse læ (“venom, bane”).",
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"etymology_text": "Variant of lo (q.v.).",
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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{
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],
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"english": "[She is] not far, she comes, look, look! She brings in her bill something new—behold! It is an olive tree's branch, I think.",
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"text": "hence bot a litill / she commys, lew, lew! / shy bryngys in her bill / som novels new; / Behald! / It is of an olif tre / A branch, thynkys me.",
"type": "quote"
}
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{
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[
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[
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[
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[
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"topics": [
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],
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "Leon"
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"name": "dbt"
}
],
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{
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"tags": [
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{
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{
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{
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{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lew",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lwach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lwie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lwy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"aug": "lwisko",
"dim": "lewek",
"f": "lwica"
},
"expansion": "lew m animal (female equivalent lwica, diminutive lewek, augmentative lwisko)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lew"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "l",
"2": "w",
"3": "lew",
"dats": "lwu"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lion"
],
"links": [
[
"lion",
"lion"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Heraldry"
],
"glosses": [
"lion"
],
"links": [
[
"heraldry",
"heraldry"
],
[
"lion",
"lion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(heraldry) lion"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"heraldry",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"monarchy",
"nobility",
"politics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "Lew"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Bulgarian",
"Polish terms derived from Bulgarian",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛf",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛf/1 syllable",
"pl:Bulgaria",
"pl:Currencies",
"pl:Male animals",
"pl:Panthers"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "bg",
"3": "лев"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Bulgarian лев (lev)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*lьvъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *lьvъ",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Bulgarian лев (lev), from Proto-Slavic *lьvъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lew",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lewach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lewie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lewy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "lew m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lew"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"lev (currency of Bulgaria)"
],
"links": [
[
"lev",
"lev"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "Lew"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛf",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛf/1 syllable",
"pl:Bulgaria",
"pl:Currencies",
"pl:Male animals",
"pl:Panthers"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "lew f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lew"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "lewa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of lewa"
],
"links": [
[
"lewa",
"lewa#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
},
{
"homophone": "Lew"
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "nl",
"3": "leeuw"
},
"expansion": "Dutch leeuw",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dutch leeuw.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srn",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sranan Tongo",
"lang_code": "srn",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sranan Tongo entries with incorrect language header",
"Sranan Tongo lemmas",
"Sranan Tongo nouns",
"Sranan Tongo terms borrowed from Dutch",
"Sranan Tongo terms derived from Dutch",
"srn:Felids"
],
"glosses": [
"lion"
],
"links": [
[
"lion",
"lion#English"
]
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "llew",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
},
{
"form": "lew",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-soft"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "mutated noun"
},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "llew"
},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh mutated nouns",
"Welsh non-lemma forms",
"Welsh soft-mutation forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "llew"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Soft mutation of llew."
],
"links": [
[
"llew",
"llew#Welsh"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"mutation-soft"
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*leb-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *leb-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "لب",
"tr": "lab"
},
"expansion": "Persian لب (lab)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lip"
},
"expansion": "English lip",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *leb-, cognate with Persian لب (lab), English lip etc.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "{{{pl}}}",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f1sc": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lew",
"name": "zza-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Zazaki",
"lang_code": "zza",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Zazaki entries with incorrect language header",
"Zazaki lemmas",
"Zazaki nouns",
"Zazaki terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"zza:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"lip"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"lip",
"lip"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) lip"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "lew"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lew meaning in All languages combined (33.1kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2522",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: llew, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"lew"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lew",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2530",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: unchanged, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"lew"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lew",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2530",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header based on style, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Welsh]; cleaned text: unchanged, style: padding-bottom:4px;////NodeKind.TABLE_CELL",
"path": [
"lew"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lew",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'unchanged'",
"path": [
"lew"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lew",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'unchanged'",
"path": [
"lew"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lew",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.